<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?>
<!-- DFIN New ActiveDisclosure (SM) XBRL Schema Document - http://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- Creation Date :2022-05-09T08:37:28.3417+00:00 -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2022 Donnelly Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://www.orasure.com/20220331" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2021" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" xmlns:enum2="http://xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2021-01-31" xmlns:osur="http://www.orasure.com/20220331" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2021/country-2021.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2021"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2021/elts/srt-2021-01-31.xsd" namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2021-01-31"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2021/elts/us-gaap-2021-01-31.xsd" namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4/dei-2021q4.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021q4"/>
  <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21"/>
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="osur-20220331_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Labels link" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="osur-20220331_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Presentation link" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="osur-20220331_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Definition link" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="osur-20220331_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Calculation link" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" id="Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
        <link:definition>100000 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_StatementConsolidatedBalanceSheets" id="Role_StatementConsolidatedBalanceSheets">
        <link:definition>100010 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureLeasesScheduleOfMinimumLeasePaymentsByPeriodExpectedDetail2" id="DisclosureLeasesScheduleOfMinimumLeasePaymentsByPeriodExpectedDetail2">
        <link:definition>100020 - Disclosure - Leases - Schedule of Minimum Lease Payments by Period Expected (Detail) 2</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_StatementConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" id="Role_StatementConsolidatedBalanceSheetsParenthetical">
        <link:definition>100030 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_StatementConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations" id="Role_StatementConsolidatedStatementsOfOperations">
        <link:definition>100040 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Operations</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_StatementConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveIncomeLoss" id="Role_StatementConsolidatedStatementsOfComprehensiveIncomeLoss">
        <link:definition>100050 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_StatementConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows" id="Role_StatementConsolidatedStatementsOfCashFlows">
        <link:definition>100060 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies" id="Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPolicies">
        <link:definition>100070 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContracts" id="DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContracts">
        <link:definition>100080 - Disclosure - Government Capital Contracts</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureInventories" id="Role_DisclosureInventories">
        <link:definition>100090 - Disclosure - Inventories</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShare" id="Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShare">
        <link:definition>100100 - Disclosure - Earnings (Loss) Per Share</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureRevenues" id="Role_DisclosureRevenues">
        <link:definition>100110 - Disclosure - Revenues</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" id="Role_DisclosureAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities">
        <link:definition>100120 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeases" id="Role_DisclosureLeases">
        <link:definition>100130 - Disclosure - Leases</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquity" id="Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquity">
        <link:definition>100140 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureTransitionCosts1" id="DisclosureTransitionCosts1">
        <link:definition>100150 - Disclosure - Transition Costs</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureIncomeTaxes" id="Role_DisclosureIncomeTaxes">
        <link:definition>100160 - Disclosure - Income Taxes</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingencies" id="Role_DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingencies">
        <link:definition>100170 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformation" id="Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformation">
        <link:definition>100180 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" id="Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
        <link:definition>100190 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" id="Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables">
        <link:definition>100200 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContractsTables" id="DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContractsTables">
        <link:definition>100210 - Disclosure - Government Capital Contracts (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureInventoriesTables" id="Role_DisclosureInventoriesTables">
        <link:definition>100220 - Disclosure - Inventories (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShareTables" id="Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShareTables">
        <link:definition>100230 - Disclosure - Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureRevenuesTables" id="Role_DisclosureRevenuesTables">
        <link:definition>100240 - Disclosure - Revenues (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTables" id="Role_DisclosureAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTables">
        <link:definition>100250 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeasesTables" id="Role_DisclosureLeasesTables">
        <link:definition>100260 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquityTables" id="Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquityTables">
        <link:definition>100270 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesTables" id="DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesTables">
        <link:definition>100280 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformationTables" id="Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformationTables">
        <link:definition>100290 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesSummaryOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDetail" id="Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesSummaryOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDetail">
        <link:definition>100300 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Available-for-sale Securities (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesAdditionalInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureSummaryOfSignificantAccountingPoliciesAdditionalInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100310 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContractsAdditionalInformationDetails" id="DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContractsAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>100320 - Disclosure - Government Capital Contracts (Additional Information) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContractsSummaryOfGovernmentContractsBalancesIncludedInConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" id="DisclosureGovernmentCapitalContractsSummaryOfGovernmentContractsBalancesIncludedInConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails">
        <link:definition>100330 - Disclosure - Government Capital Contracts - Summary Of Government Contracts Balances Included In Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureInventoriesScheduleOfInventoriesDetail" id="Role_DisclosureInventoriesScheduleOfInventoriesDetail">
        <link:definition>100340 - Disclosure - Inventories - Schedule of Inventories (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShareComputationsOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsLossPerShareDetail" id="Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShareComputationsOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsLossPerShareDetail">
        <link:definition>100350 - Disclosure - Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Computations of Basic and Diluted Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShareAdditionalInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureEarningsLossPerShareAdditionalInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100360 - Disclosure - Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureRevenuesSummaryOfTotalNetRevenuesByProductLineDetail" id="Role_DisclosureRevenuesSummaryOfTotalNetRevenuesByProductLineDetail">
        <link:definition>100370 - Disclosure - Revenues - Summary of Total Net Revenues by Product Line (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureRevenuesSummaryOfTotalNetRevenuesByProductLineParentheticalDetail" id="DisclosureRevenuesSummaryOfTotalNetRevenuesByProductLineParentheticalDetail">
        <link:definition>100380 - Disclosure - Revenues - Summary of Total Net Revenues by Product Line (Parenthetical) (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureRevenuesSummaryOfTotalNetRevenuesByGeographicAreaDetail" id="Role_DisclosureRevenuesSummaryOfTotalNetRevenuesByGeographicAreaDetail">
        <link:definition>100390 - Disclosure - Revenues - Summary of Total Net Revenues by Geographic Area (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureRevenuesAdditionalInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureRevenuesAdditionalInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100400 - Disclosure - Revenues - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesScheduleOfAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesDetail" id="Role_DisclosureAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesScheduleOfAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesDetail">
        <link:definition>100410 - Disclosure - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities - Schedule of Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeasesAdditionalInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureLeasesAdditionalInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100420 - Disclosure - Leases - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfComponentsOfLeaseExpenseDetail" id="Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfComponentsOfLeaseExpenseDetail">
        <link:definition>100430 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of Components of Lease Expense (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToLeasesDetail" id="Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToLeasesDetail">
        <link:definition>100440 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesDetail" id="Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesDetail">
        <link:definition>100450 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Leases (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfLeaseTermAndDiscountRateDetail" id="Role_DisclosureLeasesSummaryOfLeaseTermAndDiscountRateDetail">
        <link:definition>100460 - Disclosure - Leases - Summary of Lease Term and Discount Rate (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureLeasesScheduleOfMinimumLeasePaymentsByPeriodExpectedDetail" id="Role_DisclosureLeasesScheduleOfMinimumLeasePaymentsByPeriodExpectedDetail">
        <link:definition>100470 - Disclosure - Leases - Schedule of Minimum Lease Payments by Period Expected (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquitySummaryOfReconciliationOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDetail" id="Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquitySummaryOfReconciliationOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDetail">
        <link:definition>100480 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity - Summary of Reconciliation of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquitySummaryOfCompanysStockOptionActivityDetails" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquitySummaryOfCompanysStockOptionActivityDetails">
        <link:definition>100490 - Disclosure - Stockholders Equity - Summary of Company's Stock Option Activity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquityUmmaryOfRestrictedStockAwardAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityUnderStockPlanDetail" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquityUmmaryOfRestrictedStockAwardAndRestrictedStockUnitsActivityUnderStockPlanDetail">
        <link:definition>100500 - Disclosure - Stockholders Equity - ummary of Restricted Stock Award and Restricted Stock Units Activity Under Stock Plan (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureStockholdersEquitySummaryOfPerformanceBasedRestrictedStockUnitAwardActivityUnderStockPlanDetails" id="DisclosureStockholdersEquitySummaryOfPerformanceBasedRestrictedStockUnitAwardActivityUnderStockPlanDetails">
        <link:definition>100510 - Disclosure - Stockholders Equity - Summary of Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Activity Under Stock Plan (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquityAdditionalInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureStockholdersEquityAdditionalInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100520 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureTransitionCostsAdditionalInformationDetails" id="DisclosureTransitionCostsAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>100530 - Disclosure - Transition Costs (Additional Information) (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureIncomeTaxesAdditionalInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureIncomeTaxesAdditionalInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100540 - Disclosure - Income Taxes - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesAdditionalInformationDetails" id="DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesAdditionalInformationDetails">
        <link:definition>100550 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Additional Information (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesMinimumPurchaseCommitmentsDetail" id="DisclosureCommitmentsAndContingenciesMinimumPurchaseCommitmentsDetail">
        <link:definition>100560 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies - Minimum Purchase Commitments (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformationAdditionalInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformationAdditionalInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100570 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information - Additional Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.orasure.com/20220331/taxonomy/role/Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformationSummaryOfOperatingSegmentAndAssetInformationDetail" id="Role_DisclosureBusinessSegmentInformationSummaryOfOperatingSegmentAndAssetInformationDetail">
        <link:definition>100580 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information - Summary of Operating Segment and Asset Information (Detail)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xsd:appinfo>
  </xsd:annotation>
  <xsd:element id="osur_CashPaidForAmountsIncludedInMeasurementOfLeaseLiabilitiesAbstract" name="CashPaidForAmountsIncludedInMeasurementOfLeaseLiabilitiesAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_DisclosureLeasesScheduleOfMinimumLeasePaymentsByPeriodExpectedDetailAbstract" name="DisclosureLeasesScheduleOfMinimumLeasePaymentsByPeriodExpectedDetailAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_FinanceLeaseAbstract" name="FinanceLeaseAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_FinanceLeaseCost1Abstract" name="FinanceLeaseCost1Abstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_NonCashActivityAbstract" name="NonCashActivityAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_TransitionCostsAbstract" name="TransitionCostsAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_WeightedAverageDiscountRateAbstract" name="WeightedAverageDiscountRateAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_WeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTermAbstract" name="WeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTermAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" name="AccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilities" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_AccruedPropertyAndEquipmentPurchasesUnderGovernmentContracts" name="AccruedPropertyAndEquipmentPurchasesUnderGovernmentContracts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_AntibodyInventoryReserves" name="AntibodyInventoryReserves" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_CommitmentToPurchaseUnderGovernmentContracts" name="CommitmentToPurchaseUnderGovernmentContracts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_DeferredIncomeForGovernmentContract" name="DeferredIncomeForGovernmentContract" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationIncludingOtherNonCashAmortization" name="DepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationIncludingOtherNonCashAmortization" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_FinanceLeaseCost" name="FinanceLeaseCost" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_FinanceLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" name="FinanceLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_FundingEarnedNotYetReceived" name="FundingEarnedNotYetReceived" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_FundingReceivedAmount" name="FundingReceivedAmount" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNonCashAmortization" name="IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNonCashAmortization" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingAndFinanceLeaseExistenceOfOptionToExtend" name="LesseeOperatingAndFinanceLeaseExistenceOfOptionToExtend" type="xbrli:booleanItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingAndFinanceLeasesPeriodOfOptionsToTerminate" name="LesseeOperatingAndFinanceLeasesPeriodOfOptionsToTerminate" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeaseExistenceOfOptionToTerminate" name="LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeaseExistenceOfOptionToTerminate" type="xbrli:booleanItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm" name="LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" name="LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityToBePaidAfterYearFour" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_NetOfferingProceedsAfterDeductingUnderwritingDiscountAndCommissionAndOfferingExpenses" name="NetOfferingProceedsAfterDeductingUnderwritingDiscountAndCommissionAndOfferingExpenses" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_PercentageWithheldUnderGovernmentContractsSubjectToValidationTesting" name="PercentageWithheldUnderGovernmentContractsSubjectToValidationTesting" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_ProceedsFromFundingUnderGovernmentContract" name="ProceedsFromFundingUnderGovernmentContract" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_PurchaseOfPropertyAndEquipmentUnderGovernmentContracts" name="PurchaseOfPropertyAndEquipmentUnderGovernmentContracts" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_SeveranceAccrual" name="SeveranceAccrual" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="instant" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesVestingOfRestrictedStockAndPerformanceStockUnits" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesVestingOfRestrictedStockAndPerformanceStockUnits" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueVestingOfRestrictedStockAndPerformanceStockUnits" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueVestingOfRestrictedStockAndPerformanceStockUnits" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="credit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_UnderwritersOptionExercisablePeriod" name="UnderwritersOptionExercisablePeriod" type="xbrli:durationItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_UnderwritersOptionToPurchaseAdditionalShares" name="UnderwritersOptionToPurchaseAdditionalShares" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_VariableAndShortTermLeaseCost" name="VariableAndShortTermLeaseCost" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false" xbrli:balance="debit"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerLineItems" name="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerLineItems" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_TransitionCostsLineItems" name="TransitionCostsLineItems" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_CommonStockOptionsUnvestedRestrictedStockAndUnvestedPerformanceUnitsMember" name="CommonStockOptionsUnvestedRestrictedStockAndUnvestedPerformanceUnitsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_CorporateBondsMember" name="CorporateBondsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_COVID19Member" name="COVID19Member" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_CustomerMember" name="CustomerMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_CustomerOneMember" name="CustomerOneMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_CustomerTwoMember" name="CustomerTwoMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_DiagnosticsMember" name="DiagnosticsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_GenomicsMember" name="GenomicsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_GuaranteedInvestmentCertificatesMember" name="GuaranteedInvestmentCertificatesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_HcvMember" name="HcvMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_HivMember" name="HivMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_InfectiousDiseaseTestingMember" name="InfectiousDiseaseTestingMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_InterimChiefExecutiveOfficerMember" name="InterimChiefExecutiveOfficerMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LaboratoryServicesMember" name="LaboratoryServicesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_MaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurityGreaterThanOneYearMember" name="MaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurityGreaterThanOneYearMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_MaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurityLessThanOneYearMember" name="MaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurityLessThanOneYearMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_MicrobiomeMember" name="MicrobiomeMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_MolecularSolutionsMember" name="MolecularSolutionsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_OtherForeignCountriesMember" name="OtherForeignCountriesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_OtherNonProductRevenuesMember" name="OtherNonProductRevenuesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_OtherProductAndServiceRevenuesMember" name="OtherProductAndServiceRevenuesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_OtherRevenuesMember" name="OtherRevenuesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_PerformanceBasedRestrictedStockMember" name="PerformanceBasedRestrictedStockMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_PerformanceBasedRestrictedStockUnitMember" name="PerformanceBasedRestrictedStockUnitMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_ProductAndServicesMember" name="ProductAndServicesMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_RestrictedStockAwardAndRestrictedStockUnitsMember" name="RestrictedStockAwardAndRestrictedStockUnitsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_RiskAssessmentTestingMember" name="RiskAssessmentTestingMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_RoyaltyIncomeMember" name="RoyaltyIncomeMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_StockRepurchaseProgramMember" name="StockRepurchaseProgramMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_SubstanceAbuseMember" name="SubstanceAbuseMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_TransitionCostsMember" name="TransitionCostsMember" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_RevenueRecognitionByGeographicAreaPolicyTextBlock" name="RevenueRecognitionByGeographicAreaPolicyTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_RevenueRecognitionByProductPolicyTextBlock" name="RevenueRecognitionByProductPolicyTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTable" name="RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTable" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_ScheduleOfTransitionCostsTable" name="ScheduleOfTransitionCostsTable" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:hypercubeItem" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="true"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingAndFinanceLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" name="LesseeOperatingAndFinanceLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeaseTermAndDiscountRateTableTextBlock" name="LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeaseTermAndDiscountRateTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_ScheduleOfAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfAccruedExpensesAndOtherCurrentLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_ScheduleOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfSupplementalBalanceSheetInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_ScheduleOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfSupplementalCashFlowInformationRelatedToLeasesTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeasesTextBlock" name="LesseeOperatingAndFinancingLeasesTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_PurchaseObligationFiscalYearMaturityTableTextBlock" name="PurchaseObligationFiscalYearMaturityTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_SummaryOfGovernmentContractsBalancesIncludedInConsolidatedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" name="SummaryOfGovernmentContractsBalancesIncludedInConsolidatedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
  <xsd:element id="osur_TransitionCostsTextBlock" name="TransitionCostsTextBlock" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" abstract="false"/>
</xsd:schema>
